Gender dysphoria refers to the distress that may occur when gender identity does not coincide with assigned sex. 11 Although almost a third of transgender individuals identify as nonbinary, 8 trans-related clinical research has predominantly focused on transwomen. 4 Transgender experience differs across gender identity, assigned sex, and approach to social and medical transition, 10 and these factors simultaneously impact how an individual may experience gender dysphoria. 4–9 Thus, nonbinary individuals may endorse a range of gender identity labels (including agender, genderfluid, genderqueer, nonbinary, gender nonconforming, trans). Nonbinary transgender individuals may identify with both genders, with a gender different from female or male, outside the gender binary, or as not having a gender altogether. 1, 2 Some transgender identities are conceptualized in relatively binary ways, including individuals who transition (medically or socially) from one binary gender to the other, 3 while other identities are conceptualized as nonbinary. Transgender identities are heterogeneous and are often conceptualized in ways that complicate binary assumptions of gender/sex. These findings highlight the need to develop clinical assessments of gender dysphoria that reflect nonbinary experience, and to outline explicit medical protocols for interventions tailored to achieve a desired outcome of physical androgyny. Expression or Appearance, (4) Varying or Shifting Dysphoria, (5) No Solution, and (6) Trade-off/Loss.Ĭonclusion: Results of this study suggest that nonbinary transindividuals experience gender dysphoria in unique ways. Second, thematic analysis revealed six central themes describing the unique way gender dysphoria is experienced by nonbinary individuals: (1) Androgyny or Fluidity, (2) Feminine and Masculine Traits, (3) Dysphoria vs. Results: First, content analysis was used to document 11 contextual elements in which participants described their dysphoria with regard to three overarching categories, including no gender dysphoria (no issues with body, no dysphoria), aspects of gender/sex (naming gender identity, naming assigned sex, gender role, or expression), and aspects of body (body shape, genitals, chest, secondary sex characteristics, hormones, reproductive capability). Analysis focused on answers to a single open-ended question prompting participants to describe their gender dysphoria as it relates to their body and/or appearance. Methods: Data were collected online from a nonclinical sample comprised of 205 nonbinary and agender participants. This study aimed to understand nonbinary transindividuals' experiences of gender dysphoria. ![]() Purpose: Clinical definitions of gender dysphoria have primarily centered on a binary conceptualization of gender.
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